Instructor 5 - The Work of Christ Portrayed in God’s Covenant with Israel

Antitypes (spiritual realities) are anticipated (pictured, prophesied) by types (illustrations, object lessons, portrayals) through points of correspondence (with things, people, activities, and events).  Though we may not have all the details exactly right, we can think about types in the correct way and get the general direction right.

·        This lesson is an example of a lesson plan to guide students in discovering how the Tabernacle in its existence, configuration, furniture, and rituals typified certain realities.

List or describe everything that was included in the description of the tabernacle and what was associated with it.      The tabernacle was a portable tent divided into 2 compartments containing 4 main articles of furniture with utensils carefully positioned, surrounded by a gated fence with 2 additional articles carefully located in the court.  It was built of specified materials to exact specifications by craftsmen specially gifted for the task; consecrated in a specified way, set up and oriented in a certain direction and encamped about in a prescribed manor; disassembled and packed in a certain way and sequence; transported, by designated people in a particular order of march; served by a chosen group of priests wearing specially made and consecrated clothing for different prescribed ceremonies; offerings were prescribed in every aspect.

How is the exactitude concerning these things emphasized?
By repeated warning (Ex.25:9, 40; 26:30; 27:8; Acts 7:44; Heb.8:5), meticulous instructions (Ex.25-31), labored account of the work (Ex.35-40; Num.7-8), and affirmation and certification (Num.8:4, 22).

Read Ex.39-40 and list the verses affirming that the work was performed as commanded.
Ex.39:3, 5, 7, 21, 26, 29, 31, 32, 42, 43; 40:16, 19, 25, 27, 29

We have seen that the Bible sometimes leaves out things that must be supplied by the interpreter to completely express the meaning.  Here we see the text is excruciatingly detailed.  Why?      The patterns were representative and prophetic, and had to be correct in every detail to properly teach and portray the realities.

What does Ex.35:30-35 suggest to you?      Every aspect of the workmanship, from construction to artistic decorations (36:8, 35) depicted the glory of God and related the story of the coming of the Messiah and His work by the Spirit of God.

What was the tabernacle’s overall purpose?  Ex.25:8        to provide a way for God to dwell in the midst of the people He chose and rescued from slavery

What things, people, their actions, or events does the NT connect the tabernacle with?  Jn.1:4  the incarnation of Christ; Heb.9:23-24  heaven; 1 Cor.3:16-17; Rev.1:13, 20; 2:1  the corporate Christian church; 2 Cor.6:16  individual Christian believers

What was the position of the tabernacle when Israel was encamped and why?
at the center for God dwelt in their midst

What was the position of the ark when Israel was on the march and why?      in front for they were being led by the God of the covenant who took them for His own people

·        The following exercise takes one thing associated with the tabernacle and examines one or several offerings or rituals pertaining to it. [see A House for My Name p.87-95]

The sacrificial system was a graphic representation of the work of Christ.  The burnt offering [ascension, like smoke] was a sweet savor offering [the other category was guilt offerings], and the most general of the regular sacrifices.
Our question - What was involved and what lessons about the atonement did it teach?

The altar of burnt offering (bronze altar Ex.39:39) dominated the center of the front of the outer court.  It was the first object encountered upon entering the courtyard and the focus of most of the activity related to the tabernacle.  Its base was composed of unhewn stones testifying to man’s inability to contribute toward the work of salvation.  The altar itself was a large square (4½ ft. high; 7½ ft. on each side) made of Acacia wood overlaid with brass (or copper) with a horn at each corner signifying divine judgment.

(1) the sacrifice (Lev.1:3,10) was to be a healthy male without physical defects from the herds [bull or bullock], flocks [ram or he-goat], or birds [dove or pigeon of any gender]

What principle did this teach and symbolize?       To bring an offering (v.2) was to voluntarily present a gift (22:18 NIV); only a sacrifice that was (in the spiritual sense) pure, perfect, and blameless was acceptable

What about Christ did it point to?
1 Pt.1:19 - the perfect (obedient and righteous) lamb (sacrifice) God provided

(2) the offerer (Lev.1:4) laid his hands on (leaned on) the animal’s head

What did this act teach and symbolize?        The transfer of sin from the sinner to the perfect animal in order for it to serve as a substitute for him and placate God’s wrath (propitiation) and thereby make peace (reconcile) with God

What work of Christ did it point to?      2 Cor.5:21 - Christ who knew no sin was made sin for us that we might become the righteousness of God in Him

(3) the slaughter (Lev.1:5a) - the offerer slew the animal

What did this teach and symbolize?
The terrible penalty of sin for which the offerer was personally responsible

What did it point to?
Rom.4:25; 5:6 - Christ who would be delivered for our offenses and die for the ungodly

(4) the priest (Lev.1:5b) sprinkled (threw, flung) the blood against the altar on all sides.

What principle did this teach and symbolize?        There is no approach to God for the sinner apart from blood (death) offered through a mediator

What did it point to?      Heb.9:12 - Christ’s presentation of the blood of His atonement Heb.10:19 whereby the believer has access into the holy place (God’s presence)

(5) the remainder of the sacrifice (Lev.1:6-9) - the offerer skinned, cut the whole animal in pieces, and washed some; the priest built-up the fire upon the altar, laid the parts on it, and burnt-up everything except the hide.  [All of the other bloody sacrifices parallel the previous four steps, but the burning of the entire animal is unique to this whole burnt offering.]

What did this teach and symbolize?        The pleasing aroma is a righteous and obedient life that is acceptable to God for it placates His wrath.  Once atonement had been accomplished by the death of the sacrifice and application of its blood to the altar, the burning was a sign of reconciliation, satisfaction, and consecration.

What did it point to?      Eph.5:2 - It is a prophecy of Christ who would give himself for us as an offering and sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling savor.